50+ AWS DevOps Interview Questions & Answers

Amazon Web Services (AWS as it is more often known), has fundamentally altered how business is conducted online by raising e-commerce above the traditional software development limitations. Fast-paced business and service delivery from remote locations is made possible by AWS which uses cutting-edge technology to create a strong community of customers and service partners.

The Amazon DevOps interview questions regularly asked by the interview panel are listed in this article for your review. This will make it much easier for you to excel in interviews with prestigious companies.

Let’s examine the Amazon DevOps interview questions quickly.

What is DevOps in AWS?

AWS DevOps is a technology designed to assist businesses in executing the DevOps principles using the different services, features, and tools made available by this cloud platform. With the aid of AWS and DevOps, enterprises can build and deliver their products more quickly and consistently. Amazon offers a variety of configurable services for this purpose. The services provided by AWS DevOps streamline several business activities, including application monitoring, infrastructure management, automating software release, deploying application code, etc.

With the help of this technology, businesses can carry out tasks like continuous integration and continuous delivery (CI/CD), which enables them to keep track of application versions and source code while automatically creating, deploying and testing the applications on AWS or in on-premises environments.

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AWS Devops Interview Questions for Freshers

1. What does AWS mean in DevOps?

Users can use DevOps techniques using Amazon’s cloud service platform or AWS. The solutions offered will significantly assist in automating manual activities and enabling teams to manage complex settings and engineers to operate productively at the high velocity that DevOps offers.

2. Why is there a need for DevOps and cloud computing?

Under the DevOps methodology, development and operations are viewed as a unified organism. This means that any type of agile development combined with Cloud Computing will provide a clear advantage when scaling techniques and developing plans to modify how adaptable businesses are. DevOps would be the wheels of the cloud if it were a car.

3. Which DevOps tools are the most widely used?

The most popular DevOps tools are Ansible, Chef, Puppet, GitJenkins and Selenium.

4. What is the role of a DevOps Engineer?

In a hybrid and multifaceted environment, a DevOps Engineer maintains an organisation’s IT infrastructure based on the precise needs of the software code. A DevOps Engineer’s primary duties include validation, performance monitoring and the design of acceptable deployment strategies.

5. Why should DevOps use AWS?

Using Amazon for DevOps has lots of advantages.

These are a few of them:

• AWS is a fully functional service that can be used immediately without further setup or installation.
• To help you develop more quickly and achieve successful results in terms of development, deployment and testing procedures, AWS pushes DevOps methods closer to automation.
• Amazon services are highly programmable and efficient and may be easily used via the command-line interface, SDKs, and APIs.

6. How does AWS DevOps use CodeBuild?

AWS offers CodeBuild, a fully managed internal build service that aids in source code compilation, testing and creating software packages prepared for deployment. The build servers are scaled automatically. There is no management, allocation or provisioning required.

7. What does AWS DevOps’ CodePipeline do?

AWS offers a service called CodePipeline that offers continuous integration and continuous delivery capabilities. It also includes provisions for infrastructure improvements. Using the user-defined set release model protocols tasks like creating, testing and deploying after each build is simple. With the aid of CodePipeline, you may consistently distribute new software upgrades.

8. What does CodeStar in AWS DevOps mean?

One package, CodeStar, can handle various tasks, including development, build operations, and provisioning and deploying procedures for customers on AWS. Users may manage all the processes required in software development thanks to a single user-friendly interface.

9. How does AWS DevOps use CodeDeploy?

Code deployment to any instances including local servers and Amazon’s EC2 instances is automated through the service known as CodeDeploy. It primarily assists in managing the complexity involved in updating applications before release. The primary benefit of using CodeDeploy is its capability which enables customers to deploy new builds and model features while avoiding downtime quickly.

10. How may AWS DevOps be used to manage continuous integration and deployment?

The source code for an application must be stored and versioned using AWS Developer tools. The application is then automatically built, tested and deployed to a local environment or AWS instances using the services.

11. List the top three DevOps KPIs.

The following are the three crucial KPIs:

• The average amount of time needed to recover from a failure is the meantime to failure recovery.
• Frequency of deployment: How frequently a deployment takes place.
• Percentage of unsuccessful deployments – The number of unsuccessful implementations.

12. Provide an example of when AWS DevOps was used successfully.

Users have access to a wide range of services with AWS. These services can be efficiently used depending on the need. For instance, one can create an environment that automatically creates and delivers AWS artefacts utilizing several services. With CodePipeline, these artefacts can later be pushed to Amazon S3. The users now have many options and opportunities to use their artefacts.

13. What are the benefits of using AWS DevOps for a business like Amazon.com?

Whether it’s Amazon or another eCommerce site, their primary focus is seamlessly automating all frontend and backend tasks. This is simple to accomplish when used with CodeDeploy, allowing developers to concentrate on creating the product rather than deployment strategies.

14. Why Has DevOps Been More Popular in Recent Years?

Before discussing the rising popularity of DevOps, go through the state of the market. Start by citing several instances of significant players like Netflix and Facebook engaging in DevOps to expedite and automate application deployment and how this has aided in their business growth. Use Facebook as an example and discuss how its continuous deployment and code ownership models have allowed it to scale up while maintaining the quality of the user experience.

15. What does Amazon Lambda in AWS DevOps mean?

AWS Lambda is a computing service that enables users to run their code without directly provisioning or managing servers. Users can run any code for their applications or services using Amazon Lambda without any prior integration. It only takes a few clicks to upload a piece of code and then let Lambda handle the rest of the work to run and scale the code.

16. How does AWS DevOps leverage Amazon Elastic Container Service (ECS)?

A very scalable and user-friendly high-performance container management service is Amazon ECS. Thanks to its simple Docker container integration, users can launch apps on the EC2 instances using a managed cluster.

17. What does Amazon CodeCommit in AWS DevOps mean?

AWS’s CodeCommit source control solution assists in hosting Git repositories securely and in a highly scalable way. One may do away with the need to set up, maintain and scale the infrastructure of a source control system with CodeCommit.

18. In AWS DevOps, what is Amazon S3?

Simple Storage Service also known as Amazon S3 is an object storage service that offers consumers a straightforward user interface for storing data and efficiently retrieving it whenever and wherever needed.

19. Briefly describe Amazon EC2.

Elastic Compute Cloud also known as Amazon EC2 is a safe web service that aims to offer scalable computing power in the cloud. It is a crucial component of Amazon and one of the most popular cloud computing services available, assisting developers by making the cloud computing process simple and uncomplicated.

20. What role does CodeBuild play in the release process automation?

The release process can be quickly set up and customized by first setting up CodeBuild and integrating it directly with the AWS CodePipeline. As a result, AWS handles the continuous integration and deployment procedures and ensures that build activities can be introduced continuously.

21. What role does Amazon RDS play in AWS DevOps?

Users can utilize the Amazon Relational Database Service (RDS) to set up a relational database in the AWS cloud architecture. Setting up, maintaining, and using the database online is simple with RDS.

22. How does IaC work with AWS?

IaC is replacing the traditional methods of writing commands onto script files and testing them in a different environment before deployment so let’s start there. With the aid of Amazon, IaC enables developers to build, test, and maintain infrastructure elements in a descriptive manner using formats like JSON or YAML much like the programmes generated for other services. This makes development simpler and deployment quicker.

AWS DevOps Engineer Interview Questions with 3 years of experience

1. What exactly does the term “virtual private cloud” mean?

A cloud network called a VPC (Virtual Private Cloud) is connected to an Amazon Web Services or AWS account. Each VPC creates a virtual network environment unique to your Amazon account in the AWS cloud. To deliver cloud services other AWS resources operate within VPC networks. Users can create regions, categories, routing tables and even Internet gateways in their AWS accounts using the Amazon infrastructure.

2. Describe AMI. How does it function?

The term “AMI” stands for “Amazon Machine Image.” A copy of the root file system is present. Information required to launch an “instance” is made available by AWS Amazon Machine Image (virtual server in a cloud-computing environment). For instance, an AMI has a root volume template, block device mapping, and activation privileges.

3. Amazon DevOps build projects: what are they?

The actions that CodeBuild will take to accomplish a build are specified in a building project.

The building project in Amazon DevOps contains the following details:

• Where can I find the source code?
• Which build environment should be employed?
• What are the best commands to use when making?
• Where should the build output be kept?

An operating system, a runtime for a programming language and tools are all components of a build environment which is what CodeBuild employs to carry out a build.

4. How do you set up a building project in AWS DevOps?

One can configure a building project using the console or the AWS CLI. The computing class, runtime environment, source repository location, IAM role the container assumes, and build commands must all be specified. As an alternative, build commands are provided in a “buildspec.yml” file.

5. What do you mean when you refer to VPC endpoints?

Without using the Internet, a VPN, or Amazon Direct Connect, a VPC endpoint enables you to create a secure connection between your VPC and another AWS service. These are highly available, redundant, globally expandable and redundant VPC components that enable communication between instances in your VPC and AWS services without jeopardizing network traffic or exceeding bandwidth restrictions.

6. Provide a quick overview of AWS Elastic Beanstalk.

OpsWorks is a platform for managing configurations, whereas AWS Elastic Beanstalk is a platform for operating applications. An easy-to-use tool for deploying and scaling web applications developed in Java, PHP, Python, Ruby, Go, and Docker is AWS Elastic Beanstalk. Elastic Beanstalk handles deployment on behalf of the customers after they upload their code.

7. What are some of the main benefits of using version control?

The following are some benefits of using a version control system:

• Team members can use Version Control System (VCS) to work on any file. The team will eventually be able to combine all modifications into a single version thanks to VCS.
• Every time you save a newer project version, the VCS asks you to summarize the changes made briefly. Also, you get to view the file’s content modifications precisely. You’ll be able to see who changed the project and when.

8. How does the Blue/Green Deployment Pattern function?

It is a well-liked strategy for continuous deployment to cut down on downtime. Data is sent from one instance to the next in this process. To utilize a new code version, you must replace the old one with a new one. The old version is in a blue environment, whereas the new one is in a green one. You must build a new instance from the previous one after modifying the current version to use the updated version.

9. What does “shift left to reduce failure” in DevOps mean?

A DevOps idea called “shifting left” can improve security, performance, and other aspects. Think about this: if you examine every DevOps process, you may infer that security testing happens before release. You can strengthen the left side of the development phase by employing the left-shift technique. Not just the development phase, but all steps, can be combined before and during testing. Because holes will be found earlier, security will probably increase.

10. Why are AWS developer tools used in AWS DevOps?

The AWS Developer Tools are services created to assist DevOps developers and IT operations specialists in reliably and swiftly delivering software. These services allow you to build, test and deploy your application to Amazon or your on-premises environment while storing and managing its source code. You may use AWS Code Pipeline to handle software deployment.

11. What does Continuous Integration (CI) mean in AWS DevOps?

Developers use the Continuous Integration method of software development (CI). In continuous Integration, developers frequently integrate code changes into a central repository. It then does testing and automated builds. Error detection and correction are priorities for the continuous integration process. Also, it speeds up the process of testing and delivering new software upgrades while enhancing software quality.

12. In AWS DevOps, define Continuous Delivery (CD).

A software development technique called continuous delivery generates code automatically. Before being put into use, these codes are additionally examined and prepared. It’s crucial to understand that CD centres on CI. To put it another way, CD expands on the CI idea by deploying all code changes to the testing and production environments. When the building phase is finished, this takes place.

13. Describe a few of the most common branching techniques.

Release branching – You can duplicate the develop branch to create a release branch once it has enough functionality for a release. No more additions can be made because this branch marks the beginning of the subsequent release cycle.

Feature branching – This strategy records all modifications made to a single feature inside a branch. The branch merges into the master once you thoroughly assess the quality and approve using automated tests.

Task branching – With this branching architecture, each task is implemented in its own branch. The task key is stated in the branch name.

14. What distinguishes AWS Elastic Beanstalk from AWS CloudFormation?

AWS Elastic Beanstalk is a service that provides a straightforward environment for deploying cloud-based applications. It is connected with development tools, providing you with a one-stop shop for controlling the lifecycles of your apps. Several Amazon resources can be quickly and easily deployed using AWS CloudFormation.

15. How Does Automation Testing Function and What Is It?

Automation testing involves automating a manual procedure to evaluate an application or system. Using independent testing tools, automation testing entails writing test scripts that run automatically on a predetermined schedule.

16. What benefits may automation of the testing process provide?

Several advantages exist for automation testing including:

• Both money and time may be saved.
• Processing without supervision is easy to do.
• Large test matrices are easy to investigate.
• Automatic parallel processing activation occurs.

17. In AWS DevOps, describe VPC Peering.

A VPC peering link is a network connection between different Virtual Private Clouds. Using private IP addresses essentially makes traffic routing between them more accessible. As though they were on the same network, instances in VPCs can also communicate with one another. A VPC Peering connection could benefit users because it speeds up data flow.

18. Describe the significance of continuous testing in Amazon DevOps briefly.

You can test new code modifications immediately, thanks to continuous testing. Delaying big-bang testing to the end of the cycle removes problems like quality problems and release delays. This allows for higher-quality and more frequent deployments, thanks to continuous testing.

19. How will you run Kubernetes on AWS?

There are three methods for setting up Kubernetes on Amazon.

• If you want total control over your Kubernetes deployment, Amazon EC2 is a good choice.
• Amazon EKS can receive an automatically managed and deployed Kubernetes control plane.

20. How do you select a Traditional and Application Load Balancer?

Developers can divide user traffic using a load balancer among various AWS cloud apps. A traditional Load Balancer is similar to a conventional load balancer but deals with virtual devices rather than hardware. An application load balancer directs incoming traffic to the right resource by identifying it.

• While CLB supports EC2 Classic, ALB does not.
• Unlike ALB, which needs you to define the necessary HTTP response codes, CLB automatically detects problematic instances.
• Whereas ALB only accepts cookies created by the load balancer, CLB permits custom cookies.

21. How will you ensure the security of the AWS Cloud?

Security lapses are a constant source of great misery for software companies. AWS provides a wide range of security options to protect your data. AWS provides DDoS protection, WAF, System Manager, Inspection, Config Rules, and Trusted Advisor to keep your cloud secure. Look up the history of AWS API calls using AWS CloudTrail. It assures AWS compliance and facilitates resource tracking and security analysis. Moreover, AWS Config enhances security and finds holes. The relationships between various Amazon resources are tracked by AWS Config, along with configuration records, modification notifications, and other information. You can configure and send an SNS notice when you notice a change in the Amazon resource.

22. Provide a precise summary of the Selenium IDE.

A one-stop shop for creating Selenium scripts is the Selenium integrated development environment (IDE). It is also available as a Firefox extension to troubleshoot, alter, and record tests. The Selenium Core is included in the Selenium IDE, enabling you to replay and record tests in the same environment in which you would run them. Regardless of the type of testing we like, Selenium IDE is the best framework for creating Selenium tests due to its quick instruction switching and auto complete support.

23. Differentiate between the Selenium commands Assert and Verify.

The Verify and Assert command in Selenium differ in the following ways:

• The verify commands determine whether or not the specified condition is proper. Regardless of whether the specified condition is true or false, the programme will continue to run, completing all test steps without interruption in the event of a verification failure.
• The assert command determines whether or not a condition is actual. The following actions are taken to check whether the requested element is on the page: If the condition is met, the programme control will move on to the next test phase. If the state is false no additional tests are conducted and the execution will end.

24. What kinds of tests may be run using Selenium?

Functional testing is a type of black-box testing where test cases are made based on the specifications of the software.

• Regression testing helps identify new errors, regressions, and other problems that may appear in both functional and non-functional parts of code following a change.
• In load testing, a device’s reaction is evaluated after being loaded. It lets you look into how the system behaves in a particular scenario.

AWS DevOps Engineer Interview Questions with 5 years of experience

1. What fundamental ideas underlie the Jenkins pipeline?

Pipeline: User-defined CD pipeline model. The pipeline’s code defines the entire build process, which entails creating, validating, and deploying an application.

Node: A Jenkins node is a computer component of the Jenkins environment and can run a pipeline.

Step: A single job tells Jenkins what to do at a particular time.

Stage: A conceptually distinct collection of actions performed across the pipeline (build, test, deploy steps).

2. How do you copy files in Jenkins and create backups?

Schedule regular backups of your JENKINS HOME directory to build a backup file.

Copy the JENKINS HOME directory to build a backup of the Jenkins setup. A job directory can also be renamed or copied to replicate or clone a job.

3. How can Jenkins be copied between servers?

Copy the matching job directory to move the job from one Jenkins installation to another.

Clone a job directory and give it a new name to create a duplicate of an existing job.

Change a directory to rename an existing job.

4. Describe Git stash.

While working on a branch, a developer wants to switch to another unit to work on something different but wants to modify his complete work the same. Git stash is the answer to this problem. Git stash puts your updated tracked files on a stack of preliminary changes you can apply again whenever you want.

5. Describe the Git branching concept.

Let’s say you are developing an application and want to give it new functionality. The new feature can be built on a new branch that you establish.

• You always work on the main branch by default.
• The circles on the branch represent different branch commits.
• You can merge it with the main branch once you have finished all the changes.

6. What distinguishes Git Merge from Git Rebase?

Assume another team member pushes new changes to the main branch while you are working on a new feature on a dedicated unit. You can use the following two components:

Git Merge: Use Git merge to add the new commits to your feature branch. If you need to incorporate changes, it generates an additional merge commit. But, it taints the history of your feature branch.

Git Rebase: Rebasing the feature branch on master is an alternative to merging. It incorporates all recent master branch contributions. Every commit in the original branch gets replaced by a new commit, rewriting the project’s history.

7. Why are SSL certificates utilized Chef?

• SSL certificates are utilized between the Chef server and the client to guarantee that each node can access the appropriate data.
• A private and public key pair is present on every node. The Chef server keeps the public key.
• The node’s private key will be in an SSL certificate sent to the server.

8. When do we employ the findElement() and findElements() methods?

findElement (): When a locator value is provided, the first element on the current web page that matches that value is found.

Syntax:

web element = driver.findElements(By.xpath(“/div[@id=’example’]/ul/li”));

findElements ():  It locates all the webpage items that match the provided locator value.

Syntax:

Driver.findElements(By.xpath(“/div[@id=’example’]/ul/li”)); List elementList;

9. What do the WebDriver functions driver. close() and driver.quit() do?

In Selenium WebDriver, there are two different ways to end the browser session:

driver.close(): The current browser window, on which the focus is now set, can be closed using the driver.close() method. There is only one browser open in this instance.

driver.quit():  This function uses the driver.dispose of a method to end the WebDriver session and close all open browser windows.

10. Describe Docker’s architecture.

• Docker uses a client-server architecture.
• A command is run by a service called Docker Client. The REST API converts the order before sending it to the Docker Daemon (server).
• To create Docker images and operate Docker containers the Docker Daemon takes the request and communicates with the operating system to create Docker images and run Docker containers.

11. How can we distribute Docker containers among various nodes?

• With Docker Swarm, it is possible to share Docker containers across many nodes.
• A cluster of swarm nodes within the Docker platform can be created and managed by IT administrators and developers using the tool known as Docker Swarm.
• Manager and worker nodes are the two different nodes that make up a swarm.

12. How can you use a single service to operate multiple containers?

Docker Compose enables the operation of several containers as a single service.  Each container operates independently but is still capable of communication. YAML files make up every Docker Compose file.